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cnc machining center CUTTING TOOLS KNOWLEDGE

KYLT Precision CNC Machining — Mon, 28 Oct 2019 00:56:52 +0000

In CNC milling or lathing, Different shapes need use different cutting tools. This article stated some knowledge of cutter in CNC machining.

Aluminum Fast Prototypes by CNC milling

Basic classification of cutting tools

According to the end geometry:

Flat end milling cutter
Flat bottom R angle end milling cutter
Ball end milling cutter
Indexable inlaid end milling cutter

CNC machine cutters

Basic geometry of cutting tools

milling tool body

miller end

milling tool front terminal

For the cutting tools used for finishing, the cutting edge must have good profile accuracy.

Several possible profile deviations of cutting tools

Accurate contour;
The grinding process is not accurate enough, which results in irregular broken surface on the edge.
Radius deviation caused by inaccurate grinding process.

CUTTING TOOLS PROFILE DEVIATIONS

If the requirements for machining workpiece accuracy are very high, standard certified tools should be purchased from the tool manufacturer. KYLT CNC milling, CNC turning processes, adopt famous brand cutter to got high precision machined parts.

KYLT Aluminum CNC machining prototypes making service

On the premise of ensuring that the maximum overhang length of the tool shank and tool system does not exceed the specified value, in order to make the spindle operate accurately, the radial run out error of the tool must be detected at the tool shank and cutting edge respectively. If the radial run out error is too large, it will cause serious vibration of the spindle.

cutter radial run inspection

How to select suitable cutter

1) analyze the specific processing conditions, such as spindle and machine performance, tool clamping system, lubrication mode, etc.

2) analyze the material characteristics of the workpiece;

3) analyze the surface quality, machining accuracy requirements, cost, etc.

4) comprehensively consider various factors and make the optimal choice.

Calculation method of high speed cutting parameters

Three important formulas

Calculation method of high speed cutting parameters

Some important terms and processing parameters in high speed cutting

(1) cutting speed VC

Definition of cutting speed: VC = n * p * deff / 1000

VC refers to the appropriate cutting speed value suitable for high-speed machining of a workpiece material in the case of a specific tool. It refers to the linear speed of the tool.

cutting speed VC

How to set the value of cutting speed VC correctly:

Provided by tool supplier;
Refer to the existing experimental data;
Through a large number of cutting experiments to establish their own database.

VC value is an important basis for setting other cutting parameters correctly!

Effect of cutting speed on surface finish

EFFECT OF CUTTING SPEED ON SURFACE FINISH

Color comparison of iron chips produced at different cutting speeds

(2) effective tool diameter deff

Calculation of effective tool diameter and effective tool diameter.

EFFECTIVE TOOL DIAMETER

(3) feed rate of each edge FZ

Definition of feed per blade:

FEED RATE OF EACH EDGE

How to set the feed rate of each edge of the tool correctly:

Provided by cutting tool supplier;
Refer to the experimental data of other people’s research;
Through a large number of cutting experiments.

Whether the feed rate of each cutting edge is set correctly or not has a very important influence on the reasonable distribution of cutting load on the tool.

(4) axial and radial feed rate AP & AE

Calculation of axial feed:

Calculation of axial feed rate calculating example

The actual results will be affected by the spindle, tool and material.

The effect of AE and FZ on the finish

fz & ae cutting relationship

cutting finished surfaces

(5) calculation method of cutting parameters in high speed machining

CALCULATION METHOD OF CUTTING PARAMETERS IN HIGH SPEED MACHINING

(6) setting principle of CNC MACHINING parameters

In the process of high-speed machining, the machining parameters must be optimized and can not be set at will;
The value of cutting speed VC must be set correctly;
The feed rate of each edge FZ must be set correctly.

Reasonable value can not only bring the cutting efficiency of the tool to the limit, make full use of the tool, improve the machining quality and efficiency, but also will not affect the service life of the tool, so as to achieve the purpose of saving cost and achieving real high-speed machining.

KYLT Precision CNC machining services (milling & turning service), Fast prototyping, Fixture/Jig/Tooling making, Aluminum die casting & plastic injection parts. Email:cnkylt@aliyun.com +008615195010186

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Machining cutting tools types

KYLT Precision CNC Machining — Sun, 15 Sep 2019 01:49:26 +0000

Different Machining processes need use different cutting tools. Such as: holes need use driller, Screw need tapper, ,Milling cutting need use milling tools etc.

MACHINING CUTTING TOOLS TYPES:

As per material quality to classify cutting tools types

White steel cutter: easy to wear and tear, used for roughening copper and small steel.
Tungsten steel cutter: used for angle clearing (especially steel) and smooth knife.
Alloy cutting tool: similar to tungsten steel knife.
Purple cutter: used in high speed cutting, not easy to wear.

machining cutting tool

AS PER cutter heads TO CLASSIFY CUTTING TOOLS TYPES:

Flat-bottomed cutting tool: for flat and straight side, clearing plane angle.
Ball head cutting tool: It is used for light knife and light knife in all kinds of curved surface.
Bull nose cutting tool: (unilateral, bilateral and five sides): used for roughening of steel (R0.8, R0.3, R0.5, R0.4).
Coarse cutting tool: used for roughening, pay attention to the remaining method (0.3).

AS PER CUTTER POLE TO CLASSIFY CUTTING TOOLS TYPES:

Straight rod cutter: Straight rod cutter is suitable for various occasions.
Inclined rod cutter: but not suitable for straight face and face with slope less than rod slope.

According the blade to classify cutting tools types:

Two-edged, three-edged and four-edged, the more the number of edges, the better the effect, but the more work done, the corresponding adjustment of speed and feed, the longer the life of the number of edges.

The difference between ball knife and flying knife

Ball head cutting tool: When concave ruler is smaller than ball ruler and flat ruler is smaller than ball R, light can not be obtained (bottom angle can not be cleared).
Flying cutting tool: The advantage is that it can clear the bottom angle. Comparisons of the same parameters: V=R*ω rotates a lot faster (flying cutter), the things that shine out with great force are bright, flying knife is mostly used for contour shape, sometimes flying knife does not need mid-light. The disadvantage is that the concave size and plane ruler are less than the flying knife diameter in less time.

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roughing Machining & final machining

KYLT Precision CNC Machining — Sat, 14 Sep 2019 23:46:45 +0000

CNC machining works for Mold, Fixture, Prototype or other metal work pieces. Roughing machining and Final Machining are the necessarily processes.

What is Roughing Machining?

Roughing machining: Cut-out more materials from original blocks, bars by cutting tool.

Machine tool (CNC lathe, CNC milling machine, CNC router etc) adopts maximum load. Normally, the largest cutting tool should be selected, the largest feeding amount and fastest feeding speed be chosen. When use same cutting tool, the feed is inversely proportional to the cutter feeding amount.

Normally, the load of machine tools is not a problem. The principle of cutter selection is mainly based on whether the two-dimensional angle and three-dimensional arc of the product are too small. After choosing a good cutting tool, the length of the tool can be determined. The principle is that the length of the tool is larger than the machining depth. For large machining workpieces, the interference of the chuck should be considered.

CNC router rough machining

What is Final Machining?

Final Machining: The purpose of final machining is to meet the surface finish requirements and appropriate allowance reserved.

The final machining should be chosen large cutter and adopt fast cutting speed. Because the fine machining needs a long time, and a suitable feeding amount and feeding speed should be used.

Final machined Turning Part